Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder Surgery

What is Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder?

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disorder refers to a range of surgical procedures designed to treat severe cases of TMJ disorders that do not respond to conservative treatments such as medication, physical therapy, or oral splints. The temporomandibular joint connects your jawbone to your skull and plays a crucial role in talking, chewing, and other jaw movements. When this joint becomes damaged or dysfunctional, it can lead to pain, limited movement, and difficulty performing everyday tasks.

Who is a Candidate for TMJ Surgery?

Not everyone with TMJ disorder will require surgery. Candidates for TMJ surgery are typically individuals who have:

• Persistent jaw pain or dysfunction that has not improved with non-surgical treatments such as medication, physical therapy, bite splints, or lifestyle modifications.
• Structural problems within the joint, such as dislocated discs or severe arthritis that can be confirmed through imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans.
• Significant limitations in jaw movement affecting eating and speaking.
• Deterioration of the joint due to trauma or disease.
  
  Before recommending surgery, oral surgeons and specialists will conduct a thorough evaluation to ensure all conservative measures have been exhausted. The decision for TMJ surgery is highly individualized and based on the severity of symptoms and overall health of the patient.

Primary Types of TMJ Surgery

Arthrocentesis

Arthrocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure that involves flushing out the joint using small needles to reduce inflammation and improve movement. Arthroscopy uses a small camera and specialized instruments inserted through tiny incisions to diagnose and treat internal joint problems with minimal tissue disruption.

Open-joint Surgery

Open-joint surgery is reserved for more complex cases where direct access to the joint is needed, such as when repairing or replacing damaged tissues or structures within the TMJ.

Arthroscopy Surgery

This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a small camera (arthroscope) and specialized instruments into the joint through tiny incisions. Surgeons can then diagnose issues within the joint and perform necessary repairs such as removing inflamed tissue or realigning structures. Because Arthroscopy TMJ Surgery uses smaller incisions than open-joint surgery, it typically results in less pain and faster recovery for patients.

Each type of TMJ surgery has its own indications, risks, and recovery times. A thorough evaluation by an oral surgeon or maxillofacial specialist will help determine which approach best suits an individual’s condition. Understanding these primary types of TMJ surgery can empower patients to make informed decisions about their treatment options if conservative therapies are no longer effective.